Use of Electromagnetic Midsagittal Articulography in the Study of Swallowing
Publication: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Volume 47, Number 2
Pages 342-352
Abstract
The tongue functions as the primary articulator during the oropharyngeal stages of swallowing. However, detailed descriptions of the kinematics and spatiotemporal variability of tongue behaviors during swallowing are limited to a handful of analyses of data from the X-ray microbeam database. In this article, a new technique, electromagnetic midsagittal articulography (EMMA), is introduced for the high-resolution description of oral articulatory movements during swallowing. Data from 8 healthy, nondysphagic participants are used to illustrate the methods used for data collection and analysis. Movement data were collected for 3 fleshpoint positions on the tongue (blade, body, dorsum) during sequences of repeated discrete water swallows, and were characterized for variables of spatiotemporal variability and 4 discrete kinematic parameters (movement amplitude, peak velocity, duration, and kinematic stiffness). These data show that the movement trajectories measured using EMMA are consistent with descriptions from previous X-ray microbeam studies, indicating that EMMA is a feasible method for the detailed study of tongue movements during swallowing.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Beck, T. J., & Gayler, B. W. (1991). Radiation in videorecorded fluoroscopy. In B. Jones & M. W. Donner (Eds.), Normal and abnormal swallowing: Imaging in diagnosis and therapy (pp. 1–6). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Byrd, D., Browman, C. P., Goldstein, L., & Honorof, D. (1999). Magnetometer and X-ray microbeam comparison. In J. J. Ohala, Y. Hasegawa, M. Ohala, D. Granville, & A. C. Bailey (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (pp. 627–630). New York: American Institute of Physics.
Chi-Fishman, G., Stone, M., & McCall, G. N. (1998). Lingual action in normal sequential swallowing. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41, 771–785.
Cichero, J. A., & Murdoch, B. E. (2002). Acoustic signature of the normal swallow: Characterization by age, gender, and bolus volume. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, 111, 623–632.
Engelke, W., Schönle, P. W., Kring, R. A., & Richter, R. C. (1989). Zur Untersuchung orofazialer Bewegungs-funktionen mit der elektromagnetischen Artikulographie [Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) studies on orofacial movement functions]. Deutsche Zahnarztliche Zeitschrift, 44, 618–622.
Green, J. R., & Wang, Y.-T. (2003). Tongue surface movement patterns during speech and swallowing. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 113, 2820–2833.
Hamlet, S. L., Nelson, R. J., & Patterson, R. L. (1990). Interpreting the sounds of swallowing: Fluid flow through the cricopharyngeus. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, 99,749–752.
Hamlet, S. L., Stone, M., & Shawker, T. H. (1988). Posterior tongue grooving in deglutition and speech: Preliminary observations. Dysphagia, 3, 65–68.
Hasegawa-Johnson, M. (1998). Electromagnetic exposure safety of the Carstens articulograph AG100. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 104, 2529–2532.
Kahrilas, P. J., Lin, S., Logemann, J. A., Ergun, G. A., & Facchini, F. (1993). Deglutitive tongue action: Volume accommodation and bolus propulsion. Gastroenterology, 104, 152–162.
Martin, R. E. (1991). A comparison of lingual movement in swallowing and speech production. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
The Mathworks, Inc. (2001). MATLAB (Version 6.0.0.42a, Release 12) (Computer software). Natick, MA: Author.
Munhall, K. G., Ostry, D. J., & Parush, A. (1985). Characteristics of velocity profiles of speech movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11, 457–474.
Nicosia, M. A., Hind, J. A., Roecker, E. B., Carnes, M., Doyle, J., Dengel, G. A., et al. (2000). Age effects on the temporal evolution of isometric and swallowing pressure. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 55, M634–M640.
Perkell, J. S., & Zandipour, M. (2002). Economy of effort in different speaking conditions. II. Kinematic performance spaces for cyclical and speech movements. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 112, 1642–1651.
Smith, A., Goffman, L., Zelaznik, H. N., Ying, G., & McGillem, C. (1995). Spatiotemporal stability and patterning of speech movement sequences. Experimental Brain Research, 104, 493–501.
Steele, C. M., & Van Lieshout, P. H. H. M. (2002). Kinematics of swallowing measured using electromagnetic midsagittal articulography [Abstract]. Dysphagia, 17, 176.
Steele, C. M., & Van Lieshout, P. H. H. M. (2003). Within-subject variability in swallowing kinematics [Abstract]. Dysphagia, 18, 156.
Tasko, S. M., Kent, R. D., & Westbury, J. R. (2002). Variability in tongue movement kinematics during normal liquid swallowing. Dysphagia, 17, 126–138.
Van Lieshout, P. H. H. M., Alfonso, P. J., Hulstijn, W., & Peters, H. F. M. (1994). Electromagnetic midsagittal articulography (EMMA). In F. J. Maarse, A. E. Akkerman, A. N. Brand, L. J. M. Mulder, & M. J. Van der Stelt (Eds.), Applications, methods and instrumentation (pp. 62–76). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger B.V.
Van Lieshout, P. H. H. M., & Moussa, W. (2000). The assessment of speech motor behaviors using electromagnetic articulography. The Phonetician, 81, 9–22.
Van Lieshout, P. H. H. M., Rutjens, C. A. W., & Spauwen, P. H. M. (2002). The dynamics of interlip coupling in speakers with a repaired unilateral cleft lip history. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 45, 5–19.
Westbury, J. (1991). The significance and measurement of head position during speech production experiments using the X-ray microbeam system. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 89(4, part 1), 1782–1791.
Westbury, J. R. (1994). On coordinate systems and the representation of articulatory movements. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 95, 2271–2273.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
History
- Received: May 21, 2003
- Accepted: Sep 20, 2003
- Published in issue: Apr 1, 2004
Keywords
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Article Metrics
View all metricsCitations
Download article citation data for:
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu.
Citing Literature
- Cansu Görürgöz, Yasemin Yangıncı, Mehmet Okan Akçam, Kaan Orhan, Is it possible to reveal a typical swallowing pattern for specific skeletal malocclusion types using M-mode sonographic imaging of tongue movements?Ist es möglich, anhand der M-Mode-Sonographie der Zungenbewegungen ein typisches Schluckmuster bei den einzelnen Arten skelettaler Malokklusionen zu erkennen?, Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie, 10.1007/s00056-022-00387-6, 84, 6, (392-404), (2022).
- Shohei Kodama, Shigehiro Fujiwara, Jumpei Okawa, Satoko Shitara, Kazuhiro Hori, Takahiro Ono, Modulation of tongue motion and tongue pressure during liquid swallowing with different bolus volumes, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 10.1111/joor.13248, 48, 11, (1243-1251), (2021).
- Kaan Orhan, Cansu Görürgöz, USG Imaging in Orthodontics, Ultrasonography in Dentomaxillofacial Diagnostics, 10.1007/978-3-030-62179-7_15, (227-249), (2021).
- Satoko Shitara, Shigehiro Fujiwara, Jumpei Okawa, Shohei Kodama, Kazuhiro Hori, Takahiro Ono, Coordination between lingual motion and pressure production during dipper/tipper type swallows, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 10.1111/joor.13079, 47, 12, (1479-1488), (2020).
- Giannina Álvarez, Fernando José Dias, Florencia Lezcano, Alain Arias, Pablo Navarro, Ramón Fuentes, Description of tongue movements on swallowing patterns, Archives of Oral Biology, 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104706, 113, (104706), (2020).
- Bridget J. Perry, Kaila L. Stipancic, Rosemary Martino, Emily K. Plowman, Jordan R. Green, Biomechanical Biomarkers of Tongue Impairment During Swallowing in Persons Diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Dysphagia, 10.1007/s00455-020-10116-z, 36, 1, (147-156), (2020).
- Mitsuru Higashimori, Akihide Shibata, Akira Ikegami, Makoto Nakauma, Kazuhiro Hori, Takahiro Ono, Half-wave Lissajous curve analysis of tongue pressure while eating gel-like food, Journal of Biorheology, 10.17106/jbr.32.39, 32, 2, (39-45), (2018).
- Catriona M. Steele, Pascal H. H. M. van Lieshout, Cathy A. Pelletier, The Influence of Stimulus Taste and Chemesthesis on Tongue Movement Timing in Swallowing, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 10.1044/1092-4388(2011/11-0012), 55, 1, (262-275), (2018).
- Catriona M. Steele, Gemma L. Bailey, Sonja M. Molfenter, Tongue Pressure Modulation During Swallowing: Water Versus Nectar-Thick Liquids, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 10.1044/1092-4388(2009/09-0076), 53, 2, (273-283), (2018).
- Catriona M. Steele, Pascal Van Lieshout, Tongue Movements During Water Swallowing in Healthy Young and Older Adults, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0131), 52, 5, (1255-1267), (2018).
View Options
Sign In Options
ASHA member? If so, log in with your ASHA website credentials for full access.
Member Login