No access
Research Article
9 June 2025

Factors Influencing Audiology Job Changes and Attrition: An Interview Study

Publication: American Journal of Audiology
Newly Published
Pages 1-18

Abstract

Purpose:

This study examined the lived experiences of former audiologists to examine career journeys within and after audiology. The long-term goal of this research is to help academic audiologists create optimal ways to recruit future audiologists who will thrive in the profession and help the profession improve the lived experience of audiologists in the workplace, to improve retention.

Method:

A qualitative (grounded theory) approach was used. Virtual interviews were completed by 28 participants (25 former audiologists, three in the departure planning stage).

Results:

The theoretical model developed from audiologists' career stories includes Origin Story, Audiology Career Story, and Post-Audiology Story. Three main themes are described as part of the Audiology Career Story: Link Between Family & Career, Confluence of Experiences, and Self-Evolution & Pondering Change. The Confluence of Experiences subthemes were as follows: Wanting More, Bad Management, Compensation, Lack of Desirable Jobs, Burnout & Workload, Desire for Flexibility, and Sales Emphasis. This model suggests there are complex and interconnected reasons why audiologists change jobs within audiology and leave the profession. The most common post-audiology position was that of full-time, at-home caregiver (n = 5). For those employed in the workforce, most stayed in health care–related professions and 73% reported post-audiology compensation was equal to or greater than compensation as an audiologist.

Conclusions:

Personal and professional factors, and connections among these factors, influence the lived experiences of former audiologists. Awareness of former audiologists' career stories provide insights that may help the profession improve recruitment and retention.

Supplemental Material:

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Adams, J. (2013). Medicalization and the market economy: Constructing cosmetic surgery as consumable health care. Sociological Spectrum, 33(4), 374–389.
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2019). 2018 audiology survey report: Survey methodology, respondent demographics, and glossary. https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2018-audiology-survey-demographics-methodology-glossary.pdf [PDF]
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2024). ASHA 2023 audiology survey: Clinical focus patterns. https://www.asha.org/siteassets/surveys/2023-audiology-survey-clinical-focus-patterns.pdf [PDF]
Amlani, A. M., Bray, V., Greenaway, B., Kim, S., Kratzer, K., Steele, T. C., & Tarvin, A. (2022, December). Reader reactions to the article “A new analysis of the audiology workforce.” Audiology Practices. https://audiologypractices.org/topics/professional-issues?view=article&id=119:reader-reactions-to-the-article-a-new-analysis-of-the-audiology-workforce&catid=8:featured-articles
Blood, I. M., Cohen, L., & Blood, G. W. (2007). Job burnout, geo-graphic location, and social interaction among educational audiologists. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 105(3, Pt. 2), 1203–1208.
Blood, I. M., Cohen, L., & Blood, G. W. (2008). Job burnout in educational audiologists: The value of work experience. Journal of Educational Audiology, 14, 7–13. http://www.edaud.org/journal/2007-2008/1-article-07-08.pdf [PDF]
Brännström, K. J., Båsjö, S., Larsson, J., Lood, S., Lundå, S., Notsten, M., & Taheri, S. T. (2013). Psychosocial work environment among Swedish audiologists. International Journal of Audiology, 52(3), 151–161.
Bray, B., & Amlani, A. (2022). A new analysis of the audiology workforce, benchmarked to other healthcare professions. Audiology Practices, 14(4), 42–51. https://audiologypractices.org/departments/featured-articles?view=article&id=10:a-new-analysis-of-the-audiology-workforce-benchmarked-to-other-healthcare-professions
Bresett, M., Emanuel, D. C., & Gambino, A. (2025). Examination of occupational stress, personality traits, and demographics among U.S. audiologists. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Advance online publication.
Castro Lopes, S., Guerra-Arias, M., Buchan, J., Pozo-Martin, F., & Nove, A. (2017). A rapid review of the rate of attrition from the health workforce. Human Resources for Health, 15(1), Article 21.
Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage. https://collegepublishing.sagepub.com/products/constructing-grounded-theory-2-235960
Council of Academic Programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders. (2023). A guide for future practitioners in audiology and speech-language pathology: Core functions. https://www.capcsd.org/academic-and-clinical-resources/
Crow, S. M., & Hartman, S. J. (2005). Nurse attrition as a process. The Health Care Manager, 24(3), 276–283.
De Hert, S. (2020). Burnout in healthcare workers: Prevalence, impact and preventative strategies. Local and Regional Anesthesia, 13, 171–183.
Donai, J. J., & Hood, K. (2018). Special Report Part 2—Consensus among industry leaders on OTC: Audiologists play critical role in patient satisfaction. The Hearing Journal, 71(7), 26–29.
Dyrbye, L. N., Burke, S. E., & Hardeman, R. R. (2018). Association of clinical specialty with symptoms of burnout and career choice regret among US resident physicians. Journal of the American Medical Association, 320(11), 1114–1130.
Emanuel, D. C. (2021a). Occupational stress in U.S. audiologists. American Journal of Audiology, 30(4), 1010–1022.
Emanuel, D. C. (2021b). The lived experience of the audiologist: Connections between past, present, and future. American Journal of Audiology, 30(4), 994–1009.
Emanuel, D. C. (2024). What lived experience stories tell us about audiology's evolution and future changes. The Hearing Journal, 74(7), 24–25.
Fabry, D. (2019). What gets measured gets done: Calculating the value of professional service. Seminars in Hearing, 40(3), 214–219.
Foreman, S. M., & Stahl, M. J. (2010). The attrition rate of licensed chiropractors in California: An exploratory ecological investigation of time-trend data. Chiropractic & Osteopathy, 18(1), Article 24.
Goslin, H. (2023). From prison capital to recovery capital. Exploring the context of change from the perspective of people who have resided in a prison-based therapeutic community. In C. Harvey (Ed.), The therapeutic community: Research and practice (pp. 111–131). The Academic Press.
Handlery, K., McQueeney, S., Handlery, R., Regan, E. W., & Fritz, S. L. (2024). Factors contributing to physical therapist attrition: A qualitative study. Journal of Allied Health, 53(1), 21–e12.
Handy, J., Warren, L., Hunt, M., & Gardner, D. (2019). Managing professional identity within a changing market environment: New Zealand optometrists' responses to the growth of corporate optometry. Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 15(1), 204–216.
Hanna, T., & Mona, E. (2014). Psychosocial work environment, stress factors and individual characteristics among nursing staff in psychiatric in-patient care. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(1), 1161–1175.
Holden, A. C. L., Adam, L., & Thomson, W. M. (2020). Dentists' perspectives on commercial practices in private dentistry. JDR Clinical & Translational Research, 7(1), 29–40.
Hulme, M., & Wood, J. (2022). The importance of starting well: The influence of early career support on job satisfaction and career intentions in teaching. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 46(4), 504–521.
Jackson, D., Clare, J., & Mannix, J. (2002). Who would want to be a nurse? Violence in the workplace—A factor in recruitment and retention. Journal of Nursing Management, 10(1), 13–20.
Koch, P., Zilezinski, M., Schulte, K., Strametz, R., Nienhaus, A., & Raspe, M. (2020). How perceived quality of care and job satisfaction are associated with intention to leave the profession in young nurses and physicians. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), Article 2714.
Kotila, L. E., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., & Kamp Dush, C. M. (2013). Time in parenting activities in dual-earner families at the transition to parenthood. Family Relations, 62(5), 795–807.
Lall, M. D., Perman, S. M., Garg, N., Kohn, N., Whyte, K., Gips, A., Madsen, T., Baren, J. M., & Linden, J. (2020). Intention to leave emergency medicine: Mid-career women are at increased risk. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(5), 1131–1139.
Machak, M., Emanuel, D. C., Donai, J. J., & Landers-Ramos, R. Q. (2025). Survey of former audiologists: Reasons for leaving the profession. American Journal of Audiology. Advance online publication.
Mak, S., Hunt, M., Riccio, S. S., Razack, S., Root, K., & Thomas, A. (2024). Attrition and retention of rehabilitation professionals: A scoping review. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 44(4), e36–e45.
Mak, S., Thomas, A., Razack, S., Root, K., & Hunt, M. R. (2024). Unraveling attrition and retention: A qualitative study with rehabilitation professionals. WORK, 79(2), 841–855. https://content.iospress.com/articles/work/wor230531
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111.
Mazurenko, O., Gupte, G., & Shan, G. (2015). Analyzing U.S. nurse turnover: Are nurses leaving their jobs or the profession itself? Journal of Hospital Administration, 4(4), 48–56.
Mirtz, T. A., Hebert, J. J., & Wyatt, L. H. (2010). Attitudes of non-practicing chiropractors: A pilot survey concerning factors related to attrition. Chiropractic & Osteopathy, 18(1), Article 29.
Morse, G., Salyers, M. P., Rollins, A. L., Monroe-DeVita, M., & Pfahler, C. (2011). Burnout in mental health services: A review of the problem and its remediation. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 39(5), 341–352.
National Center for Health Statistics. (2024). Geographic division or region. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/sources-definitions/geographic-region.htm
Ng, S. L., Crukley, J., Kangasjarvi, E., Poost-Foroosh, L., Aiken, S., & Phelan, S. K. (2019). Clinician, student and faculty perspectives on the audiology–industry interface: Implications for ethics education. International Journal of Audiology, 58(9), 576–586.
O'Brien, J., Emanuel, D. C., Brewer, K., & Imtiaz, F. (2025). Audiologists' awareness and use of resilience-building strategies. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Advance online publication.
Ogbogu, P., Fleischer, A. B., Jr., Brodell, R. T., Bhalla, G., Draelos, Z. D., & Feldman, S. R. (2001). Physicians' and patients' perspectives on office-based dispensing: The central role of the physician-patient relationship. Archives of Dermatology, 137(2), 151–154. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/478206
Pallarito, K. (2007). Having a career and a family life, too. Hearing Journal, 60(7), 19–20.
Pfarrwaller, E., Voirol, L., Karemera, M., Guerrier, S., & Baroffio, A. (2023). Dynamics of career intentions in a medical student cohort: A four-year longitudinal study. BMC Medical Education, 23(1), Article 131.
Ribelin, P. (2003). Retention reflects leadership style. Nursing Management, 34(8), 18–19.
Rushton, C. H. (2016). Building moral resilience to neutralize moral distress. American Nurse, 116(7), 40–49. https://www.myamericannurse.com/building-moral-resilience-neutralize-moral-distress/
Saldaña, J. (2013). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). Sage.
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingston, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 52(4), 1893–1907.
Seston, E., Hassell, K., Ferguson, J., & Hann, M. (2009). Exploring the relationship between pharmacists' job satisfaction, intention to quit the profession, and actual quitting. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 5(2), 121–132.
Shah, M. K., Gandrakota, N., Cimiotti, J. P., Ghose, N., Moore, M., & Ali, M. K. (2021). Prevalence of and factors associated with nurse burnout in the US. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), Article e2036469.
Simpson, A., Phillips, K., Wong, D., Clarke, S., & Thornton, M. (2018). Factors influencing audiologists' perception of moral climate in the workplace. International Journal of Audiology, 57(5), 385–394.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024a). Employment characteristics of families—2023. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/famee.pdf [PDF]
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024b). Occupational outlook handbook, audiologists. Retrieved August 29, 2024, from https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/audiologists.htm
Varpio, L., Paradis, E., Uijtedhaage, S., & Young, M. (2020). The distinctions between theory, theoretical framework, and conceptual framework. Academic Medicine, 95(7), 989–994.
Windmill, I. M. (2016). Delivery of audiology services: Differentiation in an evolving health care marketplace. Seminars in Hearing, 37(2), 101–102.
Windmill, I. M., & Freeman, B. A. (2013). Demand for audiology services: 30-yr projections and impact on academic programs. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 24(5), 407–416.
Woldarsky Meneses, C., & Gibb, S. (2024). Navigating the complexity and challenges of dual-career, highly mobile couples using emotion-focused therapy for couples. Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies, 23(3), 386–401.
Yeoh, S. A., Kumar, S., Phillips, A., & Katrina, L. S. (2024). Unveiling the exodus: A scoping review of attrition in allied health. PLOS ONE, 19(9), Article e0308302.
Zimmer, M., Emanuel, D. C., & Reed, N. S. (2022). Burnout in U.S. audiologists. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 33(1), 36–44.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

American Journal of Audiology
Newly Published
Pages: 1-18
PubMed: 40489601

History

  • Received: Sep 8, 2024
  • Revised: Dec 27, 2024
  • Accepted: Feb 14, 2025
  • Published online: Jun 9, 2025

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Towson University, MD

Notes

Disclosure: The author has declared that no competing financial or nonfinancial interests existed at the time of publication.
Correspondence to Diana C. Emanuel: [email protected]
Editor-in-Chief: Erin M. Picou
Editor: Christina Roup

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Article Metrics
View all metrics



Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu.

View Options

Sign In Options

ASHA member? If so, log in with your ASHA website credentials for full access.

Member Login

View options

PDF

View PDF

Full Text

View Full Text

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share