Computer-Aided Speechreading Training Program"/> Computer-Aided Speechreading Training Program"/> An Evaluation of CAST: A Computer-Aided Speechreading Training Program: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research: Vol 34, No 1
ASHAWire
Advanced search
Skip main navigation
Close Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
No AccessJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing ResearchResearch Article1 Feb 1991

An Evaluation of CAST

A Computer-Aided Speechreading Training Program
    https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3401.213

    This study assessed the effectiveness of CAST (Computer-Aided Speechreading Training program). Two groups of 8 normal-hearing adults completed a pretraining visual speech perception test protocol that consisted of a Visual-Consonant Recognition Test, a test of Sentence Understanding Without Context, a test of Sentence Understanding With Context, and a semiautomated modified Continuous Discourse Tracking activity available with CAST. One group completed the CAST program. A posttraining test protocol was administered to the subjects 2 weeks following the maximum time provided to complete the training program (i.e., 10 weeks). Independent t tests revealed no differences between the control group and the experimental group in the percentage improvement score obtained on the following measures: viseme recognition score, Sentence Understanding Without Context (key word and total word recognition scores), and Sentence Understanding With Context (key word recognition score). Significant differences between the groups were found for the total word recognition score on the Sentence Understanding With Context test and the CAST modified Continuous Discourse Tracking activity. The results indicate that CAST was most effective in developing aspects of synthetic visual speech perception skills.

    References

    • Aberton, E., Fourcln, A. J., Rosen, S., Wallker, J. R., Howard, D.M., Moore, B.C.J., Douek, E.E., & Frampton, S. (1985). Speech perceptual and productive rehabilitation in electrocochlear stimulation.In R. A. Schindler & M. M. Merzenich (Eds.), Cochlear implants (pp. 527–537). New York: Raven Press.
      Google Scholar
    • Aldham, L. J., Rochefort, S. L., & Warling, A. R. (1987). Evaluation of CAST: A computerized method for lipreading training and assessment. Unpublished undergraduate thesis, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario.
      Google Scholar
    • Alpiner, J. G. (1986). Rehabilitation concepts with cochlear implants.In T. J. Balkany (Ed.), The cochlear implant [Monograph]. The Otolaryngology Clinics of North America, 19, 259–266.
      Google Scholar
    • Benguerel, A.-P., & Pichora-Fuller, M. K. (1988). Design of a computer-aided speechreading training system.Annual Bulletin of the Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics, 22, 105–116.
      Google Scholar
    • Benguerel, A.-P., & Pichora-Fuller, M. K. (1989). MIMILLE: une méthode interactive microinformatisée de labio-lecture [MIMILLE: An interactive computer-aided method of speechreading].Audiology, 28, 284–294.
      Google Scholar
    • Bernstein, L. E., Eberhardt, S. P., & Demorest, M. E. (1989). Single-channel vibrotactile supplements to visual perception of intonation and stress.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 85, 397–405.
      Google Scholar
    • Binnie, C. A. (1976). Relevant aural rehabilitation.In J. L. Northern (Ed.), Hearing disorders (pp. 213–227). Boston: Little, Brown.
      Google Scholar
    • Binnie, C.A. (1977). Attitude changes following speechreading training.Scandinavian Audiology, 6, 13–19.
      Google Scholar
    • Binnie, C. A., Jackson, P. L., & Montgomery, A. A. (1976). Visual intelligibility of consonants: A lipreading screening test with implications for aural rehabilitation.Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 41, 530–539.
      LinkGoogle Scholar
    • Black, J. W., O’Reilly, P. P., & Peck, L. (1963). Self-administered training in lipreading.Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 28, 183–186.
      LinkGoogle Scholar
    • Boothroyd, A. (1987). CASPER: A computer-assisted system for speech-perception testing and training.Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of the Rehabilitation Society of North America, 734–736.
      Google Scholar
    • Boothroyd, A., Hanin, L., & Waltzman, S. (1987). Development of speech perception skills in cochlear implantees.Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of the Rehabilitation Society of North America, 428–430.
      Google Scholar
    • Boothroyd, A., & Hnath-Chisolm, T. (1988). Spatial, tactile presentation of voice fundamental frequency as a supplement to lipreading: Results of extended training with a single subject.Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 25 (3), 51–56.
      Google Scholar
    • Boothroyd, A., Yeung, E., Hanin, L., Hnath-Chisolm, T., Kishon-Rabin, L., Medwetsky, K., Broecker, B., Eran, O., & Plant, N. (1988). Application of interactive video laserdisc technology to speech perception testing and training. Scientific exhibit at the convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Boston, MA.
      Google Scholar
    • Danz, A. D., & Binnie, C. A. (1983). Quantification of the effects of training the auditory-visual reception of connected speech.Ear and Hearing, 4, 146–151.
      Google Scholar
    • Davis, J. M., & Hardick, E. J. (1981). Rehabilitative audiology for children and adults. New York: Wiley.
      Google Scholar
    • De Filippo, C. L. (1988). Tracking for speechreading training. In C. L. De Filippo & D. G. Sims (Eds.), New reflections on speechreading [Monograph].The Volta Review, 90(5), 215–237.
      Google Scholar
    • De Filippo, C. L., & Scott, B. L. (1978). A method for training and evaluating the reception of ongoing speech.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 63, 1186–1191.
      Google Scholar
    • Deland, F. (1968). The story of lipreading. Washington, DC: The Volta Bureau.
      Google Scholar
    • Dodd, B., Plant, G., & Gregory, M. (1989). Teaching lip-reading: The efficacy of lessons on video.British Journal of Audiology, 23, 229–238.
      Google Scholar
    • Dowell, R. C., Brown, A. M., Seligman, P. M., & Clark, G. M. (1985). Patient results for a multiple-channel cochlear prothesis.In R. A. Schindler & M. M. Merzenich (Eds.), Cochlear implants (pp. 421–431). New York: Raven Press.
      Google Scholar
    • Dowell, R. C., Mecklenburg, D. J., & Clark, G. M. (1986). Speech recognition for 40 patients receiving multi-channel cochlear implants.Archives of Otolaryngology, 112, 1054–1059.
      Google Scholar
    • Fenn, G., & Smith, B. (1987). The assessment of lipreading ability: Some practical considerations in the use of the tracking procedure.British Journal of Audiology, 21, 253–258.
      Google Scholar
    • French-St. George, M., & Stoker, R. G. (1988). Speechreading: An historical perspective.In C. L. De Filippo & D. G. Sims (Eds.), New reflections on speechreading [Monograph]. The Volta Review, 90(5), 17–31.
      Google Scholar
    • Gagné, J.-P., Seewald, R. C., & Hassan, R. (1989). A Canadian test to assess visual-consonant recognition abilities [Abstract].Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 13, 57.
      Google Scholar
    • Gagné, J.-P., Seewald, R. C., & Stouffer, J. (1987). Visual consonant identification test. Paper presented at the Ontario Speech and Hearing Association Convention, Toronto, Ontario.
      Google Scholar
    • Hanin, L., Boothroyd, A., & Hnath-Chisolm, T. (1988). The presentation of voice fundamental frequency as an aid to the speechreading of sentences.Ear and Hearing, 9, 335–341.
      Google Scholar
    • Hnath-Chisolm, T., & Kishon-Rabin, L. (1988). Tactile presentation of voice fundamental frequency as an aid to the perception of speech pattern contrasts.Ear and Hearing, 9, 329–334.
      Google Scholar
    • Jeffers, J., & Barley, M. (1971). Speechreading (Lipreading). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
      Google Scholar
    • Kessler, D. K., Owens, E., & Raggio, M. (1985). Postoperative consideration and future directions: Training strategies for the post-implant patient.In R. A. Schindler & M. M. Merzenich (Eds.), Cochlear implants (pp. 521–525). New York: Raven Press.
      Google Scholar
    • Kopra, L., Kopra, M., Abrahamsom, J., & Dunlop, R. (1986). Development of sentences graded on difficulty for lipreading practice.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 19, 71–86.
      Google Scholar
    • Lesner, S., Sandridge, S., & Kricos, P. (1987). Training influences on visual consonant and sentence recognition.Ear and Hearing, 8, 283–287.
      Google Scholar
    • Lundborg, T., Rlsberg, A., Holmqvist, C., Lindstrom, B., & Svflrd, I. (1982). Rehabilitative procedures in sensorineural hearing loss.Scandinavian Audiology, 11, 161–170.
      Google Scholar
    • Martin, L.F.A., Dowell, R.C., Brown, A.M., & Clark, G.M. (1985). Rehabilitation for multiple-channel cochlear prosthesis patients.In R. A. Schindler & M. M. Merzenich (Eds.), Cochlear implants (pp. 505–510). New York: Raven Press.
      Google Scholar
    • Martin, L., Tong, Y. C., & Clark, G. (1981). A multiple-channel cochlear implant evaluation using speech tracking.Archives of Otolaryngology, 107, 157–159.
      Google Scholar
    • Matthies, M. L., & Carney, A. E. (1988). A modified speech tracking procedure as a communicative performance measure.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 31, 394–404.
      AbstractGoogle Scholar
    • Mecklenburg, D. J., Dowell, R. C., & Jenlson, V. W. (1987). Nucleus 22 channel cochlear implant system: Rehabilitation manual. Englewood, CO: Cochlear Corporation.
      Google Scholar
    • Montgomery, A. A., & Demorest, M. E. (1988). Issues and developments in the evaluation of speechreading.In C. L. De Filippo & D. G. Sims (Eds.), New reflections on speechreading [Monograph]. The Volta Review, 90(5), 193–214.
      Google Scholar
    • Montgomery, A. A., Waiden, B. E., Schwartz, D. M., & Prosek, R. A. (1984). Training auditory-visual speech reception in adults with moderate sensorineural hearing loss.Ear and Hearing, 5, 30–36.
      CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar
    • Nicolaou, E. (1988). The Computer-Assisted Speechreading Training (CAST) Program: The equivalency of the pre and post tests. Unpublished master’s research project, Department of Communicative Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario.
      Google Scholar
    • Norton, N. B., Eisenberg, L. S., Berliner, K. I., & Thlelmler, M. A. (1985). House Ear Institute rehabilitation program for the profoundly deaf: Basic guidance for the postlingually deafened adult (2nd ed.) Los Angeles, CA: House Ear Institute.
      Google Scholar
    • Owens, E., & Raggio, M. (1987). The UCSF tracking procedure for evaluation and training of speech reception by hearing-impaired adults.Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52, 120–128.
      LinkGoogle Scholar
    • Owens, E., & Telleen, C. C. (1981). Tracking an aural rehabilitative process.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 14, 259–273.
      Google Scholar
    • Pichora-Fuller, M. K., & Benguerel, A.-P. (1990). Development of CAST: A Computer-Aided Speechreading Training program.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 34, 202–212.
      Google Scholar
    • Pichora-Fuller, M. K., & Cicchelli, M. (1986). Computer Aided Speechreading Training (CAST) owner’s manual. Mississauga, Ontario: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.
      Google Scholar
    • Ross, M. (1987). Aural rehabilitation revisited.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 20, 13–23.
      Google Scholar
    • Sedge, R. K., & Scherr, C. K. (1979). Aural rehabilitation for individuals with high frequency hearing loss.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 12, 47–61.
      Google Scholar
    • Sims, D. G. (1985). Adults with hearing impairment.In J. Katz (Ed.), Handbook of clinical audiology (3rd ed., pp. 1017–1045). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
      Google Scholar
    • Sims, D. G. (1988). Video methods for speechreading instruction.In C. L. De Filippo & D. G. Sims (Eds.), New reflections on speechreading [Monograph]. Volta Review, 90(5), 273–288.
      Google Scholar
    • Sims, D., Kopra, L., Dunlop, R., & Kopra, M. (1985). A survey of microcomputer applications in aural rehabilitation.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 18, 9–26.
      Google Scholar
    • Sims, D. G., Scott, L., & Myers, T. (1982). Past, present and future computer assisted communication training at NTID.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 15, 103–115.
      Google Scholar
    • Sims, D. G., Von Feldt, J., Dowallby, F., Hutchinson, K., & Myers, T. (1979). A pilot experiment in computer assisted speechreading instruction utilizing the Data Analysis Video Interactive Device (DAVID).American Annals of the Deaf, 124, 618–623.
      Google Scholar
    • Tye-Murray, N., & Tyler, R. S. (1988). A critique of continuous discourse tracking as a test procedure.Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 53, 226–231.
      LinkGoogle Scholar
    • Tye-Murray, N., Tyler, R. S., Bong, B., & Nares, T. (1988). Computerized laser videodisc programs for training speechreading and assertive communication behaviors.Journal of the Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology, 21, 143–152.
      Google Scholar
    • Tyler, R. S., Preece, J. P., & Lowder, M. W. (1983). Iowa cochlear implant tests. Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, the University of Iowa, Iowa City.
      Google Scholar
    • Van Tasell, D. J., & Hawkins, D. B. (1981). Effects of guessing strategy on speechreading test scores.American Annals of the Deaf, 126, 840–844.
      Google Scholar
    • Waiden, B.E., Erdman, S.A., Montgomery, A.A., Schwartz, D. M., & Prosek, R. A. (1981). Some effects of training on speech recognition in hearing-impaired adults.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 24, 207–216.
      Google Scholar
    • Waiden, B. E., Prosek, R. A., Montgomery, A. A., Scherr, C. K., & Jones, C. J. (1977). Effects of training on the visual recognition of consonants.Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 20, 130–145.
      Google Scholar

    Additional Resources